Server Roles
Windows Server 2003 itself provides a number of features and tools when installing it on a Computer. When compared to workstations, Servers needs more disk space, high memory and faster processors to use the Role.
For Windows Server 2003, there are may different Server Roles but among three editions (Web, Enterprises & Standard), Standard Edition has total 11 roles, all that can be configured using the ‘Configure Your Server Wizard’ listing below:
1. File Server
2. Print Server
3. Application Server
4. Mail Server
5. Terminal Server
6. Remote Access Server/VPN Server
7. Domain Controllers (Active Directory )
8. DNS Server
9. DHCP Server
10. Streaming Media Server
11. WINS Server
IP Address
IP stands for Internet Protocol. A Routable Protocol in the TCP/IP (Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol) suite that is responsible for IP Addressing, Routing, and the fragmentation and reassembly of IP Packets. The IP address is a numeric value of 32 bits in octate configuration separated by dots (Periods). There are 4 blocks. Each block contains 8 bit of numeric value. The range of IP address is defined by the IANA (Internet Assigned Network Authority) from 1.0.0.0 to 255.255.255.255. Among these range the IP address is classified in 5 classes A, B, C, D & E. Among these 5 classes of IP address, only the IP of class A, B, C are commonly used by public. The IP of class D and E are reserved IP address. Class D is reserved for multitasking and broadcasting purpose, class E is reserved for future use in scientific research.
For Internet Protocol Version-4 (IPv-4), a 32-Bit Address used to identify a Node on an IPv4 Internetwork. Each Node on the IP Internetwork must be assigned a unique IPv4 Address, which is made up of the Network ID, plus a unique Host ID. This Address is typically represented with the decimal value of each octet separated by a period (For example, 192.168.0.1). User can configure the IP Address statically or dynamically by using DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol). Below is listing all IP Classes, Address Range & their supporting Host in details:
All IP Addresses are broken down into 4 sets of octets that break down into Binary to represent the actual IP Address. The following chart is a basic example of the basic IP 255.255.255.255:
There are several IP Addresses used or automatically assigned on a Network. For example:
IP Address Assignment
1. Dynamic IP: - Dynamic IP is the changeable IP address which is automatically accepted by the hosts in two cases:
2. m Static IP: - This is the constant IP address. This IP address is defined manually by the user from the properties of TCP/IP.
* Private IP: - Three blocks of IP addresses, A B & C are reserved for private use and are not routed over the Internet. Companies can assign these addresses to nodes on their private LANs at any time without conflict. This IP can be used free of cost by a normal user. The range of private IP in class ‘A’, ‘B’, and ‘C’ are:
Note:- The range of class ‘B’ 169.254.0.1 to 169.254.255.255 is reserved for MRIP (Microsoft Reserved Internet Protocol)/APIPA (Automatically Provided Internet Protocol Address).
* Public IP:- This IP can be used only after paying the cost. This type of IP is used by the ISP (Internet Service Provider).
Subnet Mask
A Subnet Mask is a number that defines a range of IP addresses that can be used in a Network. Subnet Masks are used to designate (assign) Subnetworks, or Subnets, which are typically local Networks LANs that are connected to the Internet. Systems within the same Subnet can communicate directly with each other, while systems on different Subnets must communicate through a Router. Therefore, Subnetworks can be used to partition multiple Networks and limit the traffic between them.
Cable
Cable is a bunch of wire which is used to transmit data or information within the Network from one Host to another Host or from one Network to another Network. There are different kinds of cable but more importantly we use twisted pair cable.
1. Coaxial Cable:- This cable was used in prior with the Bus Topology or Ring Topology to establish the Network. In this cable there lie two wires. One is the Copper wire which transmits the Analog Signal and another one is concentric wire which transmits the digital signal. The copper wire is protected with a white coloured inner sheath and the concentric wire is protected with a black coloured upper sheath. It looks same as the cable of TV. The connectors used with this cable are T-connector, BNC connector and the Terminator Cap connector. It has data transfer rate up to 10 MbpS.
There are two types of coaxial cable; thinnet & thicknet. Thinnet is also called 10Base2, for the fact that it is designed to transmit data up to 200 meters. Thicknet, also known as 10Base5, has a maximum length of 500 meters data transmit rates.
2. Twisted Pair Cable:- There are two kinds of Twisted Pair Cable; STP (Shielded Twisted Pair) & UTP (Unshielded Twisted Pair). In Computer Networking UTP cable is used for LAN Networking. It is the 4 paired cables in which all the pairs are twisted together.
The 4 paired cables are in different colours. They are:
On the basis of Category (CAT) there are different kinds of STP cables:
The connector of twisted pair cable is RJ-45 jack.
Windows Server 2003 itself provides a number of features and tools when installing it on a Computer. When compared to workstations, Servers needs more disk space, high memory and faster processors to use the Role.
For Windows Server 2003, there are may different Server Roles but among three editions (Web, Enterprises & Standard), Standard Edition has total 11 roles, all that can be configured using the ‘Configure Your Server Wizard’ listing below:
1. File Server
2. Print Server
3. Application Server
4. Mail Server
5. Terminal Server
6. Remote Access Server/VPN Server
7. Domain Controllers (Active Directory )
8. DNS Server
9. DHCP Server
10. Streaming Media Server
11. WINS Server
IP Address
IP stands for Internet Protocol. A Routable Protocol in the TCP/IP (Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol) suite that is responsible for IP Addressing, Routing, and the fragmentation and reassembly of IP Packets. The IP address is a numeric value of 32 bits in octate configuration separated by dots (Periods). There are 4 blocks. Each block contains 8 bit of numeric value. The range of IP address is defined by the IANA (Internet Assigned Network Authority) from 1.0.0.0 to 255.255.255.255. Among these range the IP address is classified in 5 classes A, B, C, D & E. Among these 5 classes of IP address, only the IP of class A, B, C are commonly used by public. The IP of class D and E are reserved IP address. Class D is reserved for multitasking and broadcasting purpose, class E is reserved for future use in scientific research.
For Internet Protocol Version-4 (IPv-4), a 32-Bit Address used to identify a Node on an IPv4 Internetwork. Each Node on the IP Internetwork must be assigned a unique IPv4 Address, which is made up of the Network ID, plus a unique Host ID. This Address is typically represented with the decimal value of each octet separated by a period (For example, 192.168.0.1). User can configure the IP Address statically or dynamically by using DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol). Below is listing all IP Classes, Address Range & their supporting Host in details:
All IP Addresses are broken down into 4 sets of octets that break down into Binary to represent the actual IP Address. The following chart is a basic example of the basic IP 255.255.255.255:
There are several IP Addresses used or automatically assigned on a Network. For example:
IP Address Assignment
1. Dynamic IP: - Dynamic IP is the changeable IP address which is automatically accepted by the hosts in two cases:
- In case of configuring the DHCP Server when we use the client Server Network.
- In case of if we do not define the manual IP. If the NIC and its driver are installed and proper configuration is done then in the properties of TCP/IP, the radio button ‘Obtain an IP address automatically’ is selected.
2. m Static IP: - This is the constant IP address. This IP address is defined manually by the user from the properties of TCP/IP.
* Private IP: - Three blocks of IP addresses, A B & C are reserved for private use and are not routed over the Internet. Companies can assign these addresses to nodes on their private LANs at any time without conflict. This IP can be used free of cost by a normal user. The range of private IP in class ‘A’, ‘B’, and ‘C’ are:
Note:- The range of class ‘B’ 169.254.0.1 to 169.254.255.255 is reserved for MRIP (Microsoft Reserved Internet Protocol)/APIPA (Automatically Provided Internet Protocol Address).
* Public IP:- This IP can be used only after paying the cost. This type of IP is used by the ISP (Internet Service Provider).
Subnet Mask
A Subnet Mask is a number that defines a range of IP addresses that can be used in a Network. Subnet Masks are used to designate (assign) Subnetworks, or Subnets, which are typically local Networks LANs that are connected to the Internet. Systems within the same Subnet can communicate directly with each other, while systems on different Subnets must communicate through a Router. Therefore, Subnetworks can be used to partition multiple Networks and limit the traffic between them.
Cable
Cable is a bunch of wire which is used to transmit data or information within the Network from one Host to another Host or from one Network to another Network. There are different kinds of cable but more importantly we use twisted pair cable.
1. Coaxial Cable:- This cable was used in prior with the Bus Topology or Ring Topology to establish the Network. In this cable there lie two wires. One is the Copper wire which transmits the Analog Signal and another one is concentric wire which transmits the digital signal. The copper wire is protected with a white coloured inner sheath and the concentric wire is protected with a black coloured upper sheath. It looks same as the cable of TV. The connectors used with this cable are T-connector, BNC connector and the Terminator Cap connector. It has data transfer rate up to 10 MbpS.
There are two types of coaxial cable; thinnet & thicknet. Thinnet is also called 10Base2, for the fact that it is designed to transmit data up to 200 meters. Thicknet, also known as 10Base5, has a maximum length of 500 meters data transmit rates.
2. Twisted Pair Cable:- There are two kinds of Twisted Pair Cable; STP (Shielded Twisted Pair) & UTP (Unshielded Twisted Pair). In Computer Networking UTP cable is used for LAN Networking. It is the 4 paired cables in which all the pairs are twisted together.
The 4 paired cables are in different colours. They are:
On the basis of Category (CAT) there are different kinds of STP cables:
The connector of twisted pair cable is RJ-45 jack.
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